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Calls for changes amid Ashes scorcher

Written By Unknown on Sabtu, 14 Desember 2013 | 22.16

Experts are recommending Test cricket be played in the early morning and late afternoon to beat the searing midday heat. Source: News Limited

INTERNATIONAL Test matches should be moved to early morning and late afternoon sessions to reduce the dangers to cricketers and fans from the heat, experts say.

As the cricketers take to the field again today in what is the hottest England versus Australia Ashes match to be played in Perth, WA Institute of Sport lead physiologist Sacha Fulton said avoiding the hottest part of the day would be a safer option for players and spectators.

"If you played from 7am to 11am and then 3pm to 7pm including scheduled drinks breaks it would take them out of the heat of the day," she said. "But then you are probably working in England's favour."

Ms Fulton's comments follow a Perth GP's call for the matches to be rescheduled to the cooler parts of the day.

Temperatures for the Ashes test at the WACA are expected to peak at 39 degrees tomorrow, after three consecutive days of 38 degree maximums.

According to figures from the Bureau of Meteorology, it is the most consistently hot Ashes Test to be played in Perth.

During the December 2006 Ashes Test, the temperature reached 38.8 degrees Celsius - but for one day only.

Dr Colin Hughes, a former honorary medical officer for the WACA and AFL, said when outside temperatures rose to 35 degrees, it was more than 52 degrees on the field.

He said it was "extremely dangerous" to spend long hours in the sun during a heatwave. He said

Cricket Australia should follow the AFL's lead and reschedule games.

Ms Fulton said even mild levels of dehydration (three to five per cent of body weight) can affect athletic performance.

She said international cricketers did all the right things for playing in the heat and the sun by wearing white clothing which radiated heat away from the body, wearing long sleeves and trousers to protect from sunburn which affected hydration levels and most wore hats, zinc cream and sunglasses.

"They probably look after themselves better than any other sports people I know regarding protecting themselves from the heat," she said.

Ms Fulton said it was possible to train the body to better handle hot conditions.

"One of the downfalls for the English team is they don't often get exposed to this level of heat whereas our boys are used to it," she said.

Currently, players play through the hottest part of the day. The playing times for the current test are 10.30am to 12.30pm, 1.10pm to 3.10pm and 3.30 to 5.30pm.

Ms Fulton said changing the game times would "make a lot more sense".

Professor David Mountain, an emergency specialist and spokesman for the Australian Medical Association, said extreme heat could kill. But he said people with underlying medical problems were most at risk.

He said cricketers were not running at full pelt all the time, though fast bowlers were the most at risk.

Spectators, particularly those who had flown in from England and weren't used to high temperatures, also risked heat-related illnesses if they did not drink enough water and protect themselves from the sun.

A spokesman for Cricket Australia said the players were used to hot conditions.

"The cricketers have played in India in temperatures in the mid 40s with 90 plus humidity - they've played much worse than 36 degrees in Perth," he said.

Unions WA recommends its workers stop when temperatures reach 36 degrees Celsius in temperate areas and 38 degrees Celsius in northern areas.


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Don't end up in the morgue

Road Safety Council chairman Murray Lampard said it was a "sad reality'' that about 19 people were expected to lose their lives in road crashes in December. Source: News Limited

POLICE are pleading with motorists to slow down over summer and not be "selfish" warning being late this holiday season is better than "a free trip to the morgue".

As thousands of people hit the roads for holidays, the head of State Traffic Enforcement John Kazandzis has warned of the potentially deadly consequences of speeding.

It comes as road crash statistics revealed summer was often the most dangerous time on WA roads, with the state recording 48 deaths in the three months to February this year.

To keep the message at the forefront of drivers' minds The Sunday Times and PerthNow are today launching our Summer Slowdown campaign as a constant reminder to West Aussies to be vigilant while behind the wheel.

Snr Sgt Kazandzis said police would do all they could to save lives on the roads over the coming months, but drivers needed to take more responsibility.

"We're urging people not to be selfish," he said. "We all want to get where we want to go, but we want to get there in one piece.

"The issue with speed is it's not just about your own capabilities as a driver, it's all the unknowns that occur on the road. Anything can happen … so the only way to drive safely is to drive defensively, which is within the road rules.

"It's better getting there late than getting a free trip to the morgue."

Road Safety Council chairman Murray Lampard said it was a "sad reality'' that about 19 people were expected to lose their lives in road crashes in December alone. So far this summer three people have died on our roads.

"The festive season is a time where loved ones can be severely impacted from potential serious road crashes, which may be due to inattention," Professor Lampard said. "Road trauma is not something we want at this time of the year. Don't take unnecessary risks.

"Get behind the wheel with the right attitude, an attitude that respects the rights of others, an attitude that is compliant with the road rules and an attitude that guarantees your own safety and the safety of others."

The Sunday Times Summer Slowdown campaign will put the spotlight on road safety this season and the impact of road trauma on the WA community.

WA has worn the title of the worst state for road fatalities since 2006, with more people dying on our roads (per 100,000 people) than any other state in Australia.

The RAC has backed calls for a 'summer slowdown' and says it will step up its road safety messages and education in regional WA, where 51 per cent of fatal crashes occur. .

Spokesman Will Golsby said the turnaround in WA, from one of the best performing states to the worst, was "alarming.''

"We don't want complacency to set in,'' Mr Golsby said. "In 1990 we were the best, now we're the worst - what's changed? We need to get this right back on track.

"This calendar year, on average, WA is experiencing a road fatality every 54 hours. It is alarming.''

WA's road toll currently stands at 150 - 19 less than the same time last year. WA police will launch their road safety campaign this week with Snr Sgt Kazandzis warning: "There's a number of key areas that we'll focus on and that will be speeding, the non-use of restraints, impaired driving, driver distraction and hoon behaviour.

Road Safety Minister Liza Harvey said while the figures were improving, "the toll remained unacceptably high.''

``For 150 families this year, Christmas will be a solemn event,'' she said.

"All it takes is a split-second for serious injury or worse to occur. This season, slow down and enjoy the ride. Remember to take breaks if you start to feel fatigued.

"Ensure you wear your seatbelt at all times - because using the roads is a shared responsibility."


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Population 5 million: Boom or bust?

Perth's population explosion will either make it the best place in Australia, or the worst, to live. Source: News Limited

PERTH'S population explosion will either make it the best place in Australia to live or an expensive, sprawling city plagued by congestion, according to a high-profile think tank.

The Committee for Perth say new projections that at least 3.9 million people will call Perth home by 2050 - and possibly as many as 5.4 million - should be a "game changer" in how the city is planned.

Research carried out by the organisation paints a bleak picture if Perth - currently home to 1.9 million people - continues on a "business as usual" approach to its growth.

If the right planning doesn't occur, when Perth's population reaches five million people we can expect:

*The size of the city's urban footprint will nearly triple to an estimated 15,700sqkm. The footprint would exceed that of Tokyo today, but have just one seventh the population;

*congestion will increase journey times by an average of 180% across the day and 300% in peak periods. A commuter currently spending one hour each way getting to and from work in peak periods will spend nearly three hours;

*there will be four to five million vehicles in Perth, meaning the city would have 15% more cars than are in London today, but 50% fewer people.

*house prices will rise to more than 16 times median income (up from 3.9 times in 2000 and 6.5 times today);

*an additional 30,636 hectares of bush land will need to be cleared and;

*more than three million people will live more than 20km from the CBD;

Based on current trends, Perth's population will grow the fastest of any Australian city and overtake Brisbane in about 15 years' time when they both reach three million people.

According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics' mid-range growth projection, 5.5 million people will live in Perth by 2061, compared with Melbourne (8.6 million people), Sydney (8.5 million) and Brisbane (4.8 million).

"This is a game changer. It means that we potentially have less than 40 years to more than double the number of houses, roads, public transport, hospitals, schools and services than have been built in the region over the past 185 years," Committee for Perth CEO Marion Fulker said.

"As a region we have been blindsided by the rapid population growth in the region over the past decade. We have collectively continued operating on a business as usual pathway, when reality has been anything but."

But with a shared vision, Mrs Fulker says growth doesn't need to be seen as a negative and the future is still in Perth's hands to maintain its status as one of the world's most livable cities.

"Now is the time to embrace new ways of living by providing a wide range of housing choices in the inner and middle ring suburbs to stem the urban sprawl," she said.

"By developing an integrated public transport system across the metro area we can become the highest public transport users in the country meaning we will be less car dependent, less congested, more productive and with a great quality of life yet without a much greater footprint that we currently have."

Professor Peter Newman, director of the Curtin University Sustainability Institute, said the expansion of the city's railway system demonstrated how growth can be capitalised on to improve a city.

"Growth is something to be feared if you just let it overwhelm you, but it's something to be welcomed if you take the opportunities and put them to use in creating a better future," he said.

He advocates major investment in public transport infrastructure, higher density living near railway stations and greater priority given to redevelopment schemes, such as at Subi Centro.

In 2008, urban planner Professor Richard Weller authored a book which proposed various ways higher density living could redesign Perth for the 21st century.

But five years on from the publication of Boomtown 2050, Prof Weller said Perth was destined to become "the biggest lowest density city on earth".

"Unless the policy and culture changes radically I think you are more or less looking at doubling its current dimensions. So we might as well accept that Lancelin and Bunbury will become Perth's outer suburbs," the former University of Western Australia professor said.

But the body which represents WA's property development industry said the greenfield developments on Perth's fringe were masterplanned communities of higher density than the more established suburbs.

Debra Goostrey, chief executive office at the WA branch of the Urban Development Institute of Australia, said it was crucial employment opportunities were created near these new communities to the north and south, saying the notion of the CBD "being the centre of universe was not necessarily the way of the future".

"There are enormous opportunities for well-planned communities, rather than just suburbs that sprawl. Nobody wants to see homogeneous suburbs that go on-and-on as far as the eye can see. That is not good planning, but that does not mean that geographically you might not

have a reasonable spread," Mrs Goostrey said.

The Department of Planning said its Directions 2031 and Beyond report, published in 2010, provided a planning framework for what the State needs to do to cope with the predicted population growth.

A spokeswoman said a number of new planning documents will build on the strategy, including a new vision for Perth and Peel which anticipates a doubling of the population to 3.5 million people.

Three sub-regional structure plans for the north-east; north-west; and south metropolitan and Peel regions are expected to be released for public comment in 2014, she added.

Perth's medium growth population projection

2013: 1.9 million people

2020: 2.5m

2025: 2.8m

2030: 3.2m

2035: 3.5m

2040: 3.9m

2045: 4.3m

2050: 4.6m

2055: 5m

2061: 5.5m

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics


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'Airline killed my dog' - man sues

Sharn Quarterman is suing Virgin and Jetpets after his 18-month-old dog Charlie died on a journey from Perth to the Gold Coast due to heat stress from being left on the tarmac. Picture: Adam Head Source: News Limited

THEY were best mates who looked out for each other, so when Sharn Quarterman's beloved dog Charlie died in transit to Queensland he called in lawyers.

The Gold Coast construction worker is suing Virgin and animal transporters Jetpets for $25,000, alleging their negligence killed his Australian bulldog.

Struggling to hold back tears, the 27-year-old who flies in and out of WA for work said he was shocked when an autopsy revealed how traumatic Charlie's last hours would have been.

On February 16, the day after the two-year-old dog died on a flight from Perth to Coolangatta, Matraville Veterinary Hospital in Sydney undertook an autopsy to determine Charlie's case of death.

Dr Nima Rahmani found Charlie's "lungs were collapsed and shrunk'' and put his death down to "heat stress and respiratory exhaustion''.

Charlie died from heat stress after being left on a hot tarmac en route from Perth to the Gold Coast. His owner is suing the airline and pet carrier.

Mr Quarterman said he drove Charlie to the airport and just before he handed him to Jetpets to load on to the evening Virgin flight, he gave him a walk and a drink. He paid $680 for Charlie's flight.

While it was a night flight, Perth had been in the midst of a heatwave and the temperature that night was about 40C.

Mr Quarterman said he received a phone call from Jetpets hours later to say that Charlie had died by the time the flight had landed in Sydney.

"I couldn't believe it. How did it happen?'' he said.

Mr Quarterman said Charlie had become his defacto family in WA and he even rented a house so they could be close to walking tracks.

"I can't even look at photos (because it's too upsetting) and I'm not ready to get another dog,'' he said.

Jetpets refused to comment, only to say the matter was being handled by its lawyers.

Virgin issued a brief statement. "We can confirm this matter is under investigation and as such we are unable to comment at this stage," a spokeswoman for Virgin said.

Tracey Jackson, of Couper Geysen Family and Animal Law, which is representing Mr Quarterman, said people and businesses that dealt with pets needed to understand how precious they were.

"(They need to) treat them as irreplaceable members of our family - not property,'' Mrs Jackson said.


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46C Hell-ter swelter at furnace-like WACA

TOO HOT: The Sunday Times thermometer peaked at 46.6C and Brits David Laing, Matt Goss and Adge Watson are feeling the heat. Picture: Stewart Allen Source: News Limited

CRICKET fans went into meltdown at the WACA as temperatures reached 46C, with the same heat blast set for tomorrow.

The Bureau of Meteorology recorded 40.4C in the shade at 12.15pm, a record for an Ashes Test at the WACA.

During the December 2006 Ashes Test, the temperature reached 38.8C - but for one day only. Ticket-holders for the sell-out match will have to endure at least another two days of searing temperatures.

It was too much for many spectators yesterday who headed for the exits as the mercury climbed above 40C in unshaded areas.

By lunch, six spectators needed first aid, with two people taken to hospital. A WACA spokesman said the fans had mostly been affected by heatstroke.

Perth fans Jared Heerema and Justin Van Dendoll brave the Ashes heat.

As many cricket die-hards maintained good humour despite their discomfort there were calls from some health experts for international Test matches to be moved to early morning and late afternoon sessions to minimise the dangers to cricketers and fans from the heat.

WA Institute of Sport lead physiologist Sacha Fulton said avoiding the hottest part of the day would be a safer option for players and spectators.

"If you played from 7am to 11am and then 3pm to 7pm including scheduled drinks breaks it would take them out of the heat of the day," she said. "But then you are probably working in England's favour."

Even the Barmy Army, which was in full cry as Australian wickets tumbled in the morning session, was subdued by the heat in the afternoon.

Hats all round, trying to beat the fierce WACA heat.

Water, rather than beer, was flowing freely as fans drenched their clothes to keep cool on the grassy banks. The WACA sold 40,000 bottles on the first two days of the Test.

Almost 500 litres of water, hundreds of icy poles and 30 litres of sunscreen were given away by Red Frog volunteers.

Shaded areas of the iconic ground were in high demand, with fans queuing up from 5am to secure a seat out of the sun.

At lunch, Nia Morton, who migrated to Perth from Wales retreated to her air-conditioned car with Stefan, too and four month old Daffyd.

The official temperature in Perth was 40.4C, but it was much hotter in the sun at the WACA.

"It's just too hot," she said T"he WACA needs more shaded areas. You don't see a lot of little ones here, which is a shame because this could be the Ashes last WACA test."

Sally Anderson has followed the England cricket team to the West Indies and Sri Lanka but said she'd never experienced anything like Perth's heat.

"This is the hottest I've ever had it at the cricket. At least in the West Indies you had a breeze, but there is no respite here."

Another England fan Vivien Carroll, 63, from Surrey, said she didn't see a single ball bowled on Friday after she almost fainted at 10am. She made it until tea-time yesterday after blagging her way into shaded area, but had to return to her hotel because the heat was "unbearable."

"When I came here in 1991 this stadium was state-of-the-art, but it's not anymore," she said. "You would think in a country so aware of sun protection there would be more shade provided, even if it's just temporary."

Graham and Helen Bullock, who left England for Perth 23 years ago, said playing earlier or later in the day wasn't the answer.

"It's cricket, it's Australia, there's not a lot you can do." Mr Bullock said.

Journalists put their overheating laptops in fridges to cool down.

Daily Mirror cricket journalist, Dean Wilson, said it was comparable with the hottest Test he'd ever experienced.

"You've just got to grin and bear it," he said.

Daily Mail sports writer, Martin Samuel, said it would be scandalous if international cricket was moved to a new stadium.

"It's my favourite cricket ground in Australia. I love that it's sort of ugly and had not been turned into a gigantic bowl," he said.

"The heat is one of the challenges especially for the visiting team because these are alien conditions."

A spokesman for Cricket Australia said the players were used to hot conditions.

"The cricketers have played in India in temperatures in the mid 40s with 90 plus humidity," he said.

Unions WA recommends its workers stop when temperatures reach 36 degrees Celsius in temperate areas and 38 degrees Celsius in northern areas.

Grant Williams, 28, from near Gatwick Airport came dressed as a Mexican for the day with fellow Englishman, Guy Smith, 33.

"Hopefully the sombreros will shade us a bit but we look far too much like Mitchell Johnson with these moustaches," he said.


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How Perth got 3 times more popular

Written By Unknown on Kamis, 12 Desember 2013 | 22.16

Nathan Lyon and Shane Watson with fans after their win in Adelaide. Picture: Sarah Reed Source: News Limited

AUSSIE fans are heading to the wild west on a mission - to watch our Test heroes return the urn to home soil.

Australia has dominated the first two Tests of the Ashes, and only need to finish off the Poms in Perth to win back the famous trophy for the first time since 2007.

Australia's winning streak in the opening two Ashes Tests has resulted in a flurry of last-minute Perth accommodation bookings.

Latest Ashes news and analysis

Booking website Wotif.com reports a 346 per cent increase in bookings since the Ashes tour started.

But tourists will have to slip, slop, slap, with temperatures expected to soar into the high 30s for all five days of the Test.

How to beat the heat at the WACA

Melbourne and Sydney are also expected to see a boost in tourists thanks to the Ashes, with bookings more than doubling since the Ashes Series started.

Bookings for Melbourne on Wotif.com have seen a 14 per cent increase compared to the last Ashes Boxing Day Test in January 2011, while Sydney has seen a surge of 47 per cent.

The Wotif figures were based on year-on-year forward bookings comparing the periods of this summer's Tests with the previous Ashes series.

Ashes to Ashes: What to do when you're not at the cricket

Better bring a shirt to Perth. Picture: Angie Simms Source: News Limited


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Depraved clan's messy family tree

The children would come in to town only a couple of times a year and looked "dirty", locals say. Picture: Supplied Source: Supplied Source: Supplied

ON A rough block of scrub hidden in the hills above a quiet NSW country town, the Colt family had a terrible secret.

Living in a row of ramshackle tents and sheds which had no showers, toilets or running water were 40 adults and children. But the Colts kept to themselves.

Neighbours on one of the large properties or hobby farms occasionally heard a chainsaw, but no laughter or play.

The men occasionally sold firewood and two of the adult men worked as council labourers.

Occasionally, the womenfolk would come into town in a four-wheel drive.

Out would pile a dirty troupe of ragtag children, some of them rail thin, wearing dirty clothes.

The town people didn't even know their names.

Occasionally, when the welfare officers came visiting, the children would be forced to attend a few days of school, where they needed remedial teaching.

It wasn't until a squad of police and child protection officers arrived unannounced on the property one day in early June last year, that the shocking truth about the Colts would be revealed.

Police and welfare officers were shocked by the appalling squalor and degradation on a property where children were found to be the result of incestuous relationships. Picture: Stock photo Source: Supplied

DEPRAVED SECRETS IN A COUNTRY TOWN

Not only were the Colt family closely related by generations of incest. In fear of discovery the appalling facts about their family, the Colts had fled three other Australian states before coming to rest in rural NSW.

And it was here that four generations of interbreeding exploded into a life of depravity.

Under the eye of the family matriarch, Betty Colt, who slept in the marital bed with her brother, the children copulated with each other and with adults.

Years of interrelations had resulted in some of the children misshapen and intellectually impaired. Many of them could not speak intelligibly.

They were profoundly neglected, to the point they didn't know how to shower or use toilet paper, and were covered in sores and racked with disease.

Left to their own devices, brothers with sisters, uncles with nieces, fathers with daughters, they engaged in sexual activities.

Ten of the children had parents who were probably father and daughter or brother and sister. Stock photo Source: Supplied Source: Supplied

The children also mutilated the genitalia of animals.

When the girls became pregnant, they would often simply miscarry on the farm, not wanting to arouse suspicions among doctors or health professionals.

While the Colt women claim outsiders had fathered their children - itinerant men, a wheat worker, a Swedish backpacker - science told otherwise.

When they finally managed to get test swabs into a laboratory, geneticists uncovered a family tree which was a nightmare of "homozygosity", when a child's parents are closely related.

Eight of the Colt children have parents who were either brother and sister, mother and son or father and daughter.

A further six have parents who were either aunt and nephew, uncle and niece, half siblings or grandparents and grandchild.

Interviews with the Colts revealed the family saga began back in New Zealand, in the first half of last century when June Colt was born to parents who were brother and sister.

June married Tim and in the 1970s the couple emigrated to Australia.

The family would then move, several times, between South Australia, Western Australia, and Victoria, usually living in remote rural communities, shying away from public knowledge about the truth.

Tim and June gave birth to four daughters and two sons.

Three of the daughters - Rhonda, 47, Betty, 46, and Martha, 33, and at least one of the sons, Charlie, form the elder members of the family group in the NSW bush camp.

Betty had 13 children.

She contended their father was a man called Phil Walton, now dead, who was known to the family as Tim.

But genetics show one of her children, Bobby, 15, was fathered either by her father, whose name was Tim, or the brother she was sleeping with.

Four more of Betty's children were fathered by a close family member.

Betty's eldest child, Raylene, now aged 30, has a 13-year-old daughter, Kimberly.

Raylene insists Kimberly's father is a man called Sven, from Sweden or Switzerland.

Testing identifies Kimberly's father as either her half brother, an uncle or a grandfather.

The Colt family tree. Graphic: news.com.au Source: NewsComAu

Betty's second oldest child, Tammy, now aged 27, has given birth to three daughters, one of whom died from a rare genetic disorder, and all of whom, she eventually admitted, were fathered by her closest brother, Derek, 25.

Betty's younger sister, Martha Colt, 33, has five children, four of whom were fathered by her own father, Tim, or by her brother, and another who is the product of a union with a close relation.

It was the 10 youngest of Betty and Martha's children, and Raylene's daughter, Kimberly, 13, who ran wild in a sexual spree about the property.

Betty's children, Bobby, 15, Billy, 14, Brian, 12, Dwayne, 9, and Carmen, 8, all have parents who are close family members.

Martha's children, Albert, 15, Jed, 14, Ruth, 9, and Nadia, 7, are also the product of closely-related parents.

Interviewed by child protection workers and psychologists, they told of a virtual sexual free-for-all.

Ruth and Nadia said Albert, Jed and Karl showed them pornographic magazines, touched their breasts and Albert had sexual intercourse with them.

Kimberly said she had oral sex with Dwayne, while Carmen watched. Her mother Raylene had been aware of the incident.

Albert, Jed, Karl, Bobby and Billy admitted they tortured animals, including puppies and cats. Carmen said her father was her uncle Charlie.

Ruth said her father was Charlie. She also said her brothers, Jed and Karl, had sex with her.

Following the discovery of the Colt family in the hills, 12 children have been removed from their parents.

Their mothers have hired lawyers to argue in the courts for the children's return.

One of the mothers is due to face court on charges of procuring the removal of a child from care and recruiting a child for a crime, and further charges are expected.

###


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Motorcyclist dies in truck collision

A motorcyclist was killed today after his machine collided with a truck in Perth's eastern suburbs. Source: News Limited

A MAN has been killed after his motorcycle collided with a truck in Perth's eastern suburbs this morning.

Emergency services were called to the Bellevue crash at the Great Eastern Highway, Bushby Street intersection about 11am.

It is understood the motorcyclist was crushed by the truck as it was reversing.

The man died at the scene.

Major Crash detectives are investigating.


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Teacher jailed for producing child porn

A FORMER schoolteacher who took indecent photographs of hundreds of children at playgrounds and beaches around Perth, and then shared them on a child porn website, has been jailed for two years.

Garry Anthony Tysoe, 53, admitted to producing and distributing more than 1000 images of children, which were taken covertly using a zoom lens between January and August this year.

Tysoe then "traded" the images on a Russian-based child porn website, also adding indecent comments alongside the pictures, which concentrated on the genital areas of young girls estimated to be aged between eight and 13.

At the Perth District Court today, Judge Simon Stone commented that it appeared nowhere was safe for children to play without becoming the victims of pedophile interests.

"This is not a victimless crime, and it is difficult to imagine the distress and horror that a child would go through if they were told by someone they were on a child porn website indefinitely," Judge Stone said.

"And one wonders as a parent what you would say. It is out there now, Mr Tysoe, and you put it there."

The photos were taken at playgrounds, school sports carnivals, surf lifesaving events and beaches, then uploaded to the website under the pseudonym "VoyBoy1960".

Judge Stone said the children were clearly identifiable, and featured their school logo on their uniforms, and in some cases their faces.

He said it was impossible to know how many children had been photographed, but with more than 1000 images featuring as many as five youngsters together, he estimated hundreds may have been targeted.

"These were vulnerable children, going about normal childlike activities - even playing in playgrounds - and you covertly filmed them, and then contributed to the market in child exploitation material," Judge Stone said.

"You then sexualised these children, and engaged in a barter system to share the pictures with others from overseas."

Tysoe, who was a teacher for 25 years before becoming a trainer in the mining industry, was sentenced to two years immediate prison, with an eligibility for parole after one year.


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Killer 'doesn't deserve a second chance'

A classmate who saw schoolgirl Vicky Groves stabbed to death 22 years ago has spoken exclusively to Nine News.

A CLASSMATE who watched in horror as schoolgirl Vicky Groves was stabbed to death by her former boyfriend 22 years ago has spoken for the first time.

The woman, who is now 38, was one of 18 people in the classroom that witnessed the horrific act at Churchlands Senior High School on November 7, 1991.

The woman opened up in the wake of news that Ms Groves killer, now 38, is to be released on parole after serving 22 years in prison.

Today, 'Stacy' told Nine News she is haunted by the harrowing ordeal and she is shocked Vicky's murderer has been released from prison.

"I don't think he deserves a second chance, she never got a second chance, she had no chance, no chance of defending herself against him," she said.

Stacy said she remembered the attack 'like it was yesterday.'

"It's something that never leaves you, it's always in your mind," she said.

Ms Groves killer, who was 15 years old in 1991, can not be named because he was a juvenile at the time.


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Shark baits 'create more dangerous situation'

Written By Unknown on Rabu, 11 Desember 2013 | 22.16

There has been widespread criticism of the Government's plan to kill sharks that come close to shore.

Large sharks that swim into designated 'kill zones' near popular swimming and surfing beaches in Western Australia will be hunted by professional fishermen.

A plan to cull big sharks in WA waters has caused much controversy. Picture: file image Source: News Limited

PLANS to set baited shark-catching devices off West Australian beaches without nets could in fact endanger swimmers and surfers, an expert says.

Responding to a spate of shark attacks in the state's waters, the WA government has proposed using drum lines - baited hooks attached to drums fixed to the ocean floor - to catch the apex predators, which will be left to drown.

Queensland has been using drum lines for 51 years, with one fatal attack at a patrolled beach during that period, but also uses nets to prevent sharks that are lured by the baits from coming close to shore.

Christopher Neff, an American PhD student at the University of Sydney conducting the first doctoral thesis on the politics of shark attacks, said West Australian beachgoers would actually be more at risk of attack if the planned drum lines were not accompanied by nets.

"I'm befuddled by the rationale of how baiting sharks towards the beaches is meant to reduce the risk of a shark attack,'' Mr Neff said.

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After Texan man George Wainwright was killed by a shark while scuba diving at Rottnest Island in October 2011, drum lines were set.

But they had to be brought in within a few hours because they attracted large numbers of tuna, followed by sharks that sought to prey on the fish.

"They were creating a more dangerous situation than what they were previously,'' Mr Neff said.

There were no easy solutions and the prevailing scientific view was that human encounters with sharks rose as populations grew, with more people going into the water.

"And Perth has had a tremendous increase,'' Mr Neff said.

"There is no evidence that culling reduces the risk of shark bites.

"But it's clear that politics is doing the decision making, not science.''

Animals Australia spokeswoman Lisa Chalk said it was common sense that baiting sharks would only attract more, which would increase the likelihood of attacks.

She said the animal welfare group urged the WA government to reconsider the plan and implement better methods to "repel'' sharks.

Liberal government whip in the WA Legislative Council, Phil Edman - who has dived with great whites - is against culling and suggests beachgoers use electronic pulse-emitting devices such as Shark Shield to lower the risk of attack.

There was also criticism for the state government's plan, announced along with the drum line proposal yesterday, to pay professional shark fishermen to patrol WA waters and kill any shark bigger than three metres in designated zones spanning vast tracts of the southern coastline during summer.

WA Shark Fishing Association president Brian Scimone said the state government had not been in contact or sought input.

"It shocked me when it came out on the news,'' Mr Scimone said.

He said the simplest solution would be to allow commercial shark fishermen back in metropolitan waters after a seven-year ban.

Conservation activists Sea Shepherd seek to legally oppose the state government proposals, while Greens MP Lynn MacLaren tabled a petition against the plan in parliament today.

Two beaches closed as sharks comes within 30m of shore

Two Perth beaches were closed this morning after two sharks were spotted close to shore.

People were forced out of the water at Brighton and Scarborough beaches after the Westpac Lifesaver Helicopter saw two sharks heading south, only 30m from the shore.

The beaches were reopened briefly this afternoon but shut again at 2.40pm after more sightings.

Surf Life Saving WA has advised that the beaches will remain closed until 6am.


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Westgate Mall: The explosive truth

CCTV footage shows Kenyan soldiers apparently looting shops during the Westgate siege.

A still from CCTV footage believed to show two of the attackers in the Westgate Mall. Source: Supplied

KENYA'S shopping mall massacre shook the world. Yet all it took was four terrorists with guns. Now, investigators say they all escaped.

It's a story of chaos, confusion - and corruption.

The New York Police Department has conducted its own in-depth analysis of the September attack which killed more than 60 at the Westgate Shopping Mall in Nairobi. It was an exercise designed to familiarise the often-targeted city's law enforcers with what to expect.

Their discoveries have debunked much of what Kenyan authorities claim, and painted a frightening picture of the power of a few angry men with guns.

And they doubt the terrorists died in the collapsing building.

"As a cop, I'm very sceptical of claims until I see proof," Lt. Detective Commander Kevin Yorke, who oversaw the report, said. He added that there is "a lot of doubt in my mind it is true."

Detective Yorke said it was only now a real picture was emerging from 'the fog of war'.

But the most startling component of the report is the dangerous incompetence shown by Kenya's military and police reaction.

Here's what the NYPD found.

Repeated gunfire can be heard as supermarket shoppers take cover at the Westgate Mall in Kenya. Courtesy CCTV Africa

Tiny attack force

Kenyan authorities have repeatedly claimed that up to 15 heavily armed attackers from the al-Qaeda affiliated al-Shabaab terror group were involved in the operation which overwhelmed the African nation's police and defence forces for three days. Some were supposed to be foreign nationals.

New York Police Commissioner Ray Kelly told media yesterday his investigators did not know "with certainty" how many people were involved, "but we believe there were only four shooters."

Their reconstruction of the attack suggests the four men acted in teams of two, coordinating their movements via mobile phone.

Light attack ... The Kenyan mall attackers are believed to have been very lightly armed. A more determined and early police response may have prevented the high number of casualties. AP Source: AP

Lightly armed

They were supposed to have been wielding heavy machineguns and explosives. But the NYPD says a review of video footage and ballistics evidence shows they were carrying only "light" weapons such as AK-47 rifles and grenades.

Three grenades were used upon their entrance to the mall, after which the terrorists used single-shots to target fleeing shoppers.

While carrying hundreds of rounds of ammunition in magazines strapped to their bodies, the NYPD says the attackers were not wearing any form of body armour or carrying handguns.

There were no heavy explosions. Smoke screens had not been created by setting mattresses and other materials on fire.

Instead, the NYPD says all of the heavy damage to the shopping mall's structure had been caused by antitank missiles being fired into the building by Kenyan military.

Confused response ... Kenyan police and military forces appear not to have been communicating. As a result, a team of unmarked and plain-clothed police officers appears to have been attacked by Kenyan soldiers. AFP Source: AFP

'Friendly fire'

Initially, Kenyan authorities believed they were responding to an armed holdup. A tactical response team did not arrive at the Mall until some 90 minutes after the initial attack.

From this point, confusion reigned.

Police - wearing no identification or markings - entered the complex, fully armed.

They were quickly fired upon by Kenyan soldiers who had also been summoned to the scene. Among the dead was the police tactical response team's commander.

It was this incident that may have produced the stories of "heavily armed, body-armour-wearing" terrorists.

Light and mobile ... The terrorists are believed to have not taken any hostages, preferring to test — then shoot — their victims. (AP /Jonathan Kalan) Source: AP

No hostages

The presence of hostages was always used as an excuse for the slow military response to the shopping-mall raid. Now, the NYPD says it doubts there were any.

Instead, the report says the terrorists sought to kill as many as they could.

RELATED: Video shows horror inside Westgate Mall

Only those who were able to recite Muslim prayers - and in once instance name the Prophet Mohammed's mother - were allowed to go free.

The idea that there may have been hostages is thought to have arisen because by so many shoppers were "playing dead" and hiding.

Off the scene ... Wanted terrorist and British citizen Samantha Lewthwaite was not a part of the Westgate Mall attack force, say the NYPD. Source: News Limited

White Widow 'distraction'.

A NYPD review of witness accounts and CCTV footage indicates no women were involved, the report says.

RELATED: Blood-stirring ode and weight loss worries: Lewthwaite's secret files

Media speculation - apparently encouraged by statements from Kenyan officials - named British citizen and al-Shabaab terrorist Samantha Lewthwaite as one of the attack team storming the shopping complex.

After the horse had bolted ... Kenyan soldiers clear the shopping complex on September 24 — three days after the terrorists appear to have fled. AFP / CARL DE SOUZA Source: AFP

Early escape

The gunbattle to clear the mall lasted three days. But there is no evidence the terrorists were there beyond the first 12 hours.

NYPD investigations indicate at least one of the attackers was wounded in the leg. But the fighters systematically destroyed CCTV cameras in order to cover their movements.

And their actual attack only lasted six hours. After this, the NYPD report says the terrorists hid in a storeroom. Here, they prayed and tended to their wounded comrade.

RELATED: Security 'looted shops' during Westgate siege

There is no evidence any attacker remained in the mall after 12:15am on September 22, the NYPD says.

Despite this, the siege lasted another two days.

During this time CCTV footage captured members of the Kenyan military looting the high-end shopping complex under the cover of the crisis.


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WA link to depraved incest family

Scenes of depravity greeted police and child welfare officers investigating incest on a farm outside a NSW country town. Picture: Stock photo. Source: Supplied

IT is a case of shocking depravity which came to rest in the hills surrounding a picturesque farming community nestled in a valley southwest of Sydney.

Unknown to the 2000 citizens of the town in a fertile valley amid the south-western slopes of NSW, a dark family secret was unravelling.

Now it can be revealed, not only could the case of the Colt family be the nation's most appalling saga of child abuse, it is among one of the worst accounts of incest ever made public.

The NSW Children's Court has taken the rare step of publishing its judgment of actions taken to remove children from the Colt family (a court-appointed pseudonym to protect identification of minors).

Four generations of intimate relations among the Colts had taken place in South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia and finally come to NSW.

Moving state to state, possibly to evade detection, the scandal only came to light when authorities were alerted there were children living in the hills who didn't attend school.

When they turned up on a remote bush block, they uncovered scenes which wouldn't soon be forgotten.

Children who "didn't know how to brush their teeth" or use a toilet lived in absolute squalor on the remote bush property. Picture: Stock photo Source: Supplied

It was an early winter's day last year when officers from the NSW Police and Community Services turned up on one of the blocks which lie around 30km out of the town between large established farms and the untamed scrub of old bushranger territory.

They found 40 adults and children living in two filthy caravans, two sheds and tents on an unsewered block with no running water.

Dirt caked the surfaces of stoves and cooking facilities, rotten vegetables lay in a refrigerator and a kangaroo was sleeping on one of the children's beds.

Exposed electric wires, bags of rubbish and chainsaws lay about.

There were no toilets, showers or baths.

The children were unwashed and wore dirty clothes.

They were shy and made little eye contact.

Few were capable of intelligible speech; almost all had fungal infections in their feet.

Some had oddly-formed features, which scientific tests would later reveal was a result of "homozygosity" or identical gene patterns of both of the children's parents.

Police and welfare officers were shocked by the appalling squalor and degradation on a property where children were found to be the result of incestuous relationships. Picture: Stock photo Source: News Limited

The police and welfare officers were taking in the squalor, the deprivation and the fact some of the children seemed developmentally delayed or cognitively impaired.

What they didn't realise was the children were the result of intimate relations between brothers and sisters, and uncles and nieces and fathers and daughters. Their family threw back to a set of great-great grandparents who were a brother and sister.

The family compulsion was regenerating itself.

The children were sexually involved with each other and only one, the youngest, a five-year-old girl, had parents who weren't related.

It was a social time bomb exploding before their eyes.

As one police officer later reportedly told her colleagues, she would never get over it.

Over coming days and weeks, the enormity of what they had uncovered dawned on them.

The five family groups comprised of sisters, Rhonda, 47, Martha, 33, and Betty Colt, 46, who slept every night with her brother, Charlie, and two of Betty's daughters who each had children who proved to be from unions of related parents.

Not only were the children dirty and unschooled, they had multiple health problems and no concept of hygiene.

Many of the children couldn't speak, had barely been to school and had diseases or were just filthy. Picture: Thinkstock Source: Supplied

Betty's son Bobby Colt, 15, had a walking impairment, severe psoriasis and needed urgent dental work.

His speech was not understandable. He wet and soiled the bed and his learning ability was at kindergarten level.

Martha's sons Albert, 15, and Jed, 14, were similarly challenged with their speech, personal hygiene and lack of dentistry.

Betty's 14-year-old son Billy was underweight and not growing properly, had hearing and sight problems, spoke unintelligibly, had an intellectual disability and could barely read or count.

Kimberly Colt, 14, Betty's grandaughter Raylene, was underweight and unable to clean her teeth, use toilet paper or comb her hair.

She had urgent dental problems, hearing, speech and sight issues and was unable to read or write.

She threatened to cut off a caseworker's fingers.

Betty's son Brian, 12, did not understand showering.

He had extensively decayed teeth, and borderline normal hearing.

His eyes were misaligned and he could not read, write, or recognise numbers.

Martha's nine-year-old daughter Ruth was neglected and malnourished.

She was unable to bathe or dry herself. She did not know how to use a toilet or what toilet paper was.

Her features were dysmorphic. She could not read or write, couldn't hear well and her speech was fragmented and stunted.

The caseworkers left and returned again two days later, making a further two visits and finally removed 12 children on July 18, 2012.

Back in town, the locals were unaware of what was unfolding.

As one of the townspeople told news.com.au, on occasional visits two women with "about ten children" would pile out of a car with interstate plates, buy something in the shops and then leave.

The children would come in to town only a couple of times a year and looked "dirty", locals say. Picture: Supplied Source: Supplied

"They were never clean looking," the man said, "we always used to make jokes that if you came from that area you'd be inbred.

"But we didn't really know anything about them except those blocks, they might look like a good deal, [40 hectares] for about $20,000 but there's nothing out there, no electricity, no water, just scrub."

Taken into care, the children underwent sessions with psychologists.

The tales they told were harrowing.

Kimberly, 13, reported sexual contact with her uncle, Dwayne, who was nine years old while her aunt, Carmen, 8, watched on.

Sisters Ruth, 7, and Nadia, 9, had sexual touching with their brothers Albert, 15, Jed, 14, and Karl, 12.

On one occasion, three brothers aged 14 years and under tied their sister, 8, and niece, 13, naked to a tree.

The accounts of incestuous underage sex fill pages of court documents.

Clinicians took buccal, or mouth swabs from the children and geneticists deduced five of the Colt children had parents who were "closely related" and another five had parents who were "related".

Interviews with the parents and other members of the family revealed an astonishing tale.

Betty, Martha and Rhonda's maternal grandparents had been brother and sister.

Betty had 13 children, some of whom were probably fathered by her father, Tim, and her brother, Charlie.

Martha's children may also have been fathered by Tim.

Betty's son, Bobby, and Martha's children, Albert, Jed, Ruth and Nadia were the result of closely related parents, as were the three children of Betty's daughter, Tammy, 27, one of whom had died from a rare genetic disease called Zellweger syndrome.

Ten of the children had parents who were probably father and daughter or brother and sister. Stock photo Source: Supplied

Victorian Police removed Tammy's remaining two daughters when they found her living in a caravan park and she revealed her younger brother, Derek, 25, had fathered all her children.

In the fallout from the discovery of the Colt Family, some children have been placed with foster families, others are in treatment programs for sexualised behaviour and psychological trauma, and they have some contact with their parents and siblings.

They have made progress with schooling and hygiene.

The mothers have taken varying degrees of responsibility for the neglect, the incest or intra-familial sexual abuse which allegedly took place in the family.

Betty Colt, who has supervised contact with her children, appears to be in denial, and her lawyer has disputed the court's findings.

The Children's Court ruled she is not willing "to disentangle herself from her family" and "is incapable of addressing her own traumatic history".

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Attacked tiger handler's 'intense' fight

This terrifying new footage shows the moment a tiger turned on its handler, Dave Styles, at the Australia Zoo. Courtesy Channel Nine

Australia Zoo tiger handler Dave Styles. Picture: Facebook. Source: Supplied

THE tiger handler attacked at Australia Zoo has woken after multiple surgeries and an "intense" 10-day battle in intensive care.

Dave Styles' distressed family says the big cat handler has demonstrated his "strength and fighting spirit" and "exceeds expectations" since being savaged by a tiger named Charlie on November 26.

"Well after 10 days of heavy sedation, multiple scans and a few trips to the surgeon's theatre Dave has finally woken with his cheeky grin still intact," Andes Styles posted on Facebook in the most recent update on December 6.

"He's just finished a debrief of how intense a battle it's been and other than a few scars and temporary paralysis to his vocal cords he's pretty much all cleared for a full recovery.

"A lifetime of gratitude to all the staff at Brisbane Royal for their amazing work, to the Aus Zoo family for their continuous care and support, and a special thank you to the crew who's actions in those first few moments saved as all from the unimaginable.

"He's obviously still a little sore and it'll be a few more days in ICU but he'll be in touch ASAP."

The November 26 tiger attack at Australia Zoo. Picture: Channel Seven. Source: Supplied

Mr Styles, who has worked with big cats since 2005, suffered three large puncture wounds near vital blood vessels and significant blood loss when the six-year-old Bengal bit him on the neck.

Shocked witnesses told The Courier-Mail of seeing the playful big cat snap, grabbing and dragging the handler into the pool inside the tiger enclosure, shortly after the daily tiger show.

The 30-year-old, who was wearing a blue poncho-like top with bags over his hands, had raised Charlie since he was a cub.

The November 26 tiger attack at Australia Zoo. Picture: Channel Seven. Source: Supplied

Initially Australia Zoo would not reveal which tiger was responsible for the attack but later said it was a Sumatran-Bengal. However the Zoo's website states Charlie is one of their three Bengals.

The Zoo, which admits the handler was dressed as one of the tiger's favourite biting toys rather than in his usual khaki, has been accused of deliberately exciting the animal while preparing to film a BBC documentary.

Zoo director Wes Mannion told AAP that the bag-like suit was used as an 'enrichment" tool during tiger playtime and that Charlie had mistaken Mr Styles for a toy.

The November 26 tiger attack at Australia Zoo. Picture: Channel Seven. Source: Supplied

The handler was also wearing a BBC GoPro camera on his head when he was attacked but the Zoo said it was just to familiarise Charlie with the device and that it wasn't filming.

The BBC crew, who is spending six months filming at the Zoo, also denied they were filming at the time of the incident.

'The crew was not in the enclosure when the incident happened, nor was anyone from the BBC directing the filming," they said in a statement.

However HDSports owner Shane Peterson told The Courier-Mail the GoPro appeared to be recording during the attack.

Channel 7 film grabs of the tiger attack on at Australia Zoo David Styles Dave Source: Supplied

Witness Carly Fritsch told The Courier-Mail said the cat seemed to being trying to keep the man in the water after its initial grab at him.

'(The trainer) was wrestling with one of the tigers and it suddenly grabbed his shoulders and lunged at his neck,'' she said, adding that zoo staff quickly came to the rescue.

Mr Styles' sister Mel Santo has expressed her gratitude to Zoo staff, including head tiger keeper Giles Clark, for dragging her brother to safety.

Australia Zoo tiger handler Dave Styles. Picture: Facebook. Source: Supplied

"My beautiful little brother, I can breathe a bit better knowing that you are doing better. Even though I'm thousands of k's away from you right now, we will be back very soon. Can't wait to see your beautiful face and your gorgeous smile," she wrote on Mr Style's Facebook page on December 6.

"I'm grateful for your strength and your fight as I'm sure it's those two things that have had a lot to do with how you're progressing. Stay strong sweetheart, I love you very much.

"A very special thank you to the guys at the zoo for your prompt response. Can't tell you how grateful I am for what you did on that dreadful day."

Mr Styles remains at Royal Brisbane Hospital where he has undergone soft-tissue surgery.

Hospital staff are said to be "blown away" with their patient's "strength and fighting spirit".

Australia Zoo tiger handler Dave Styles. Picture: Facebook. Source: Supplied

News.com.au has repeatedly contacted Australia Zoo since the incident but has not received a response. It is understood the Zoo has not had any media staff since December 1.

Media reporting on Robert's birthday celebrations on December 1 were told not to ask the Irwins questions about the attack.

News.com.au has also sought comments from Workplace Health and Safety, which is investigating the incident, and the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, which is working with the zoo to ensure a full investigation is carried out.

Continue the conversation via Twitter @newscomauHQ | @itsKShort | @AustraliaZoo

Alternatively, email kristin.shorten@news.com.au

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It's all over for Holden, Toyota may be next

Holden Chairman Mike Devereux announces Holden will be ceasing manufacturing operations in Australia by the end of 2017.

TOYOTA warns its future in Victoria is under "unprecedented pressure" after Holden said it would cease making cars in Australia, throwing 2900 people out of work.

In what could be the death knell for the entire Australian car industry, Holden said "a perfect storm of negative influences" was to blame for a decision that will send shock waves through the state.

Almost 65 years to the day since prime minister Ben Chifley launched the first FX Holden at Fishermans Bend, Holden said remaining in Australia simply wasn't viable.

"As painful as it is to say, building cars in this country is just not sustainable," said GM Holden boss Mike Devereux.

Ford announced earlier this year it would cease making cars in Geelong and Broadmeadows in 2016.

Holden had said 1300 jobs would go when it closes its Port Melbourne plant, which makes the V6 engine, at the end of 2016. Its engineering centre will close by 2017.

Holden's Adelaide factory will shut at the end of 2017, when the final Australian-made Holden rolls off the production line, costing 1600 jobs.

Holden said it would become "a national sales company" and global design studio. The sale and service of Holdens, warranty terms, and spare parts would be unaffected.

The announcement sparked uproar and a vicious blame game in federal Parliament. Opposition Leader Bill Shorten accused the Government of "sabotage" against Holden, sparking a further furore last night.

"I believe that Holden were pushed," Mr Shorten said.

"What we don't understand is when the Australian Government decides to sabotage its own industry."

Mr Shorten said Holden's closure and job losses for thousands of auto workers was not inevitable. He said Holden "has effectively been goaded to give up on this country" by government ministers.

Prime Minister Tony Abbott said Mr Shorten's comments were offensive.

Mr Abbott said Holden's closure was "a sad, bad day".

I told the truth, says Devereux

ANALYSIS: Holden done in by booming economy

"I don't want to pretend to the Parliament that this is anything other than a dark day for manufacturing in this country," he said.

Mr Abbott said it was not time to indulge in the blame game or to peddle false hope as he promised the Government would announce in coming days a strategic response about the future of manufacturing.

Holden gave four reasons for closing: the high dollar, high cost of production, small domestic market and the world's most competitive, fragmented car market.

Unions said it was "almost certain" Toyota would also go, and the loss of the three car makers would cost tens of thousands of manufacturing jobs, cause "social carnage", and punch a $21 billion hole in the economy.

Holden Chairman and GM Mike Devereux continues official announcement that it will cease manufacturing in Australia after 65 years.

Workers told of their devastation as they left the Port Melbourne factory just hours after being told their jobs would be axed.

One worker could only say he was "absolutely gutted" as he walked to his car with his head down.

Another said the production team had been left "shattered".

Father-of-three Richard Brown fought to hold back tears as he reflected on his 17 years as a mechanic with the company.

He said the hardest part is the uncertainty of how he would provide for his family in the future.

"It's been an emotional day, but we expected it," the 43-year-old from Geelong said.

"I'm not too happy. But that's life."

Veteran worker, who wished only to be known by his first name Ron, was proud of the Holden product and accused the State and Federal governments of not doing enough to save it.

"It's an icon gone - car manufacturing in this country is gone," he said.

"The governments should've stepped in long ago. We produce a world-class car, we are all good workers. The governments don't care, they are playing a game with our lives."

Shocked workers at Port Melbourne. Picture: Tim Carrafa Source: News Limited

The announcement that Holden will cease manufacturing in Australia in 2017 was a shattering blow for Bruce Lethborg, president of the Holden Sporting Car Club of Victoria.

"I've been a Holden man all my life; my father was and now my son is too," he said.

"But he won't be able to pass that on to his son. What will he be, a Hyundai man or a Kia man, a Daewoo man?"

Premier Denis Napthine revealed Holden's news in state Parliament, saying it was a "very, very sad day" for the state.

Dr Napthine vowed to stand "shoulder to shoulder" with workers to support them and their families.

"We will do everything we can as a Government to support the workers and their families through this very difficult time, as we have done with Ford workers in Geelong and Broadmeadows," Dr Napthine said.

"I can assure those workers we will stand shoulder to shoulder with them," he said

"We will ensure General Motors looks after their welfare during the period of transition."

Dr Napthine said he was also seeking urgent discussions with Toyota, which employs 4200 people, including 2500 making cars in Altona.

Toyota said in a statement: "This will place unprecedented pressure on the local supplier network and our ability to build cars in Australia."

"We will now work with our suppliers, key stakeholders and the government to determine our next steps and whether we can continue operating as the sole vehicle manufacturer in Australia."

Holden boss Mike Devereux announces the decison the car maker will cease production in Australia. Picture: Calum Robertson Source: News Limited

Mr Hockey issued a warning to Toyota workers to "vote for your job" by accepting company requests to change work practices that are opposed by unions.

He said conditions that gave workers 21 days off over Christmas - instead of 10 days - put at risk exports to their main market in the Middle East.

He said it was not helping Toyota's future when it cost $3800 more to make each car in Australia than in other countries such as Thailand.

Acting Labor leader Tanya Plibersek accused the Coalition of driving the car industry out of Australia by cutting $500 million from funding.

Acting Prime Minister Warren Truss said Mr Deveraux told him around 1.50pm the decision had been "made in Detroit" that the company would be "closing a significant part of their operation" in Australia and New Zealand by the end of 2017.

"We regret the fact that GM is to phase down its operations in this country," Mr Truss told Parliament.

Bruce Lethborg, Holden Sporting Car Club president, has been driving Holdens for more than 40 years. Picture: David Caird Source: HeraldSun

"Holden has been an iconic national brand for Australians, a part of our heritage. It has meant a great deal to Australians over several generations. Many of us have had the pleasure of travelling and owning Australian-built Holdens and it is a pity that will not continue into the future."

Amid uproar in Parliament from Labor MPs, Mr Truss said the Government "wanted Holden to remain manufacturing cars in Australia".

Mr Truss said the government stood ready to assist sacked workers and to support dealers and employees.

Labor frontbencher Tony Burke said the Government had "dared the company to leave".

Federal Industry Minister Ian Macfarlane blamed Labor for Holden closing, saying they created the problem over the past six years.

"They are the ones who laid the foundation for this closure," he said.

Mr Macfarlane said six years ago there were 335,000 cars being made in Australia but after Labor's time in power it had fallen to 221,000. He blamed Labor's poor policy.

Mr Macfarlane said it was "an extraordinary traumatic time" for Holden workers.

Holdens roll off the assembly line in 1950. Source: News Limited

Opposition Leader Daniel Andrews accused the Napthine government of not doing enough to save the state's manufacturing sector.

Speaking at the front of Holden's Port Melbourne factory, he called Dr Napthine "lazy, inept and out of touch", pointing out that both Ford and Holden had gone under his watch.

"He ought to be ashamed," he said. "He should've been on the phone to Tony Abbott, saying 'these jobs are worth fighting for'," he said.

With Ford and Holden now pulling out of manufacturing cars in the country, he said it would put added pressure on Toyota.


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Perth braces for 36C heatwave

Written By Unknown on Senin, 09 Desember 2013 | 22.16

This is one way to keep cool, a lone paddler on the Canning River in Rossmoyne at sunset. Source: News Limited

PERTH is bracing for its first heatwave of the summer with at least five days of 35C temperatures forecast in the days ahead.

The potential heatwave may begin as early as this Wednesday when north-easterly winds develop. The north-easterlies should last right through to next Monday or Tuesday, leading to five-to-seven days of 35C with a few days in the high thirties, according to Weatherzone senior meteorologist Brett Dutschke.

Today Perth was heading to a forecast top of 29C and by 1pm had reached a pleasant 27C.

The Bureau of Meteorology is tipping temperatures to hit 36C from Friday, a sweltering start to the Third Ashes Test.

"It is quite early in the season for this sort of heat to arrive, it is more typical of January or February,'' Mr Dutschke said.

"Only seven times in the past 115 years has the city had at least five consecutive 35C days in December. The most recent occurrence was in 2012, the last seven days of the year.

"The city has not recorded five consecutive 35C this early in the season in 71 years. In 1942 the city recorded seven consecutive days of 35 degrees or hotter from December 9th to 15th.

"A low pressure trough just to the north of Perth will deepen during the week, drawing heat from northern Western Australia to the south-west of the state.

"The trough will then move south over the city late this week and on the weekend, leading to the hottest days with a few reaching the high thirties. The trough will then move east early next week, allowing cooler sea breezes to take over.''

Residents are advised to keep out of the sun as much as possible and drink plenty of water to reduce the risk of heat stroke.

The latter half of the heatwave will be the toughest with nights staying warmer than 25C until the early hours of the morning. Last summer a week of 37C days led to about 20 people being admitted to hospital.

THE WEEK AHEAD

Tuesday

Min 16C

Max 32C Sunny.

Wednesday

Min 19C

Max 35C

Sunny.

Thursday

Min 21C

Max 35C

Mostly sunny.

Friday

Min 22C

Max 36C

Mostly sunny.

Saturday

Min 22C

Max 36C

Sunny.

Sunday

Min 21C

Max 36C

Sunny


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Girlfriend gets life for drug murder

David John Houston, who was brutally murdered at a Fremantle house, by two men and a teenage woman who jailed for life today. Source: Supplied

Samuel Walker, 26, jailed for life over the brutal murder of Hilton man David Houston, 24. Picture: Supplied Source: Supplied

A TROUBLED teenager who helped her boyfriend in the brutal drug-fuelled murder of a man she had just met, will spend the next 14 years behind bars.

Amanda Jane Kelly, who was 19 at the time of the crime, was jailed for life for her part in the killing of David Houston, who was beaten to death in South Fremantle by Sam Jacob Walker and Jonathan Robert Lee after a drug binge in May 2012.

Kelly admitted helping strangle the 24-year-old Mr Houston, before helping carry his body after he died.

Kelly, now 20, today collapsed in tears as she was told she must serve at least 14 years before becoming eligible for parole.

Judge Michael Corboy said while Kelly's culpability was much lower than her cohorts', she nonetheless took part in an ``horrific crime''.

``You did not disassociate yourself from this gross violence,'' Judge Corboy said.

``This was a particularly horrific crime.''

The court was told after a prolonged binge on cannabis and methamphetamine, Kelly was in the shower having sex with Lee when they heard screams from the kitchen.

When Kelly entered the kitchen naked, Walker was already strangling Mr Houston with a ligature - and ordered the teenager help him.

After 30 seconds, Kelly went back into the bathroom to vomit, while the attack continued on the helpless Mr Houston.

The two men dragged his body to the shower but Mr Houston regained consciousness, prompting Lee to kick him so severely his left eye popped out of its socket.

A post-mortem found Mr Houston had severe head and chest injuries, but had died from neck compression.

The men then wrapped the body in a barbecue cover, and Kelly helped carry him to a vehicle.

Walker drove the corpse to bushland where it was buried and covered with acid.

Police later used the rented vehicle's GPS to find the body near the coastal town of Binningup, 130km south of Perth.

Judge Corboy admitted Kelly's upbringing had been tragic, with drug use from the age of 12 combined with self-harm, depression, anxiety and a preoccupation with death and suicide.

And her dependent personality meant she became fixated on certain people - which she had on Lee, who was manipulative, domineering and violent.

Lee wrote to the court on behalf of Kelly, claiming she had wanted to go to police over the murder but was persuaded otherwise through guilt trips, manipulation and threats.

Kelly has also resisted attempts by her former lover to continue their relationship in prison, the court was told.

Mr Houston's family declined to comment outside court, apart from expressing relief at the end of the ordeal.

In October, Walker and Lee were each sentenced to a minimum of 21 years jail.


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He shot her, now they're a couple

Audrey Mayo had only known Matthew Webb for a few weeks when he shot her in the leg. Picture: Facebook Source: Supplied

LOVE can blossom in the most unlikely circumstances. And for one couple, it seems Cupid has swapped his bow and arrow for a rifle.

Audrey Mayo and Matthew Webb officially became a couple on November 21. But that date is also significant for another reason. It's the day Matthew accidentally shot Audrey.

The pair were hanging out on the roof of Matthew's mother's house in the small town of LaFayette, Georgia.

He spotted some deer across the road and decided to try and shoot one. Ms Mayo stayed on the roof, but soon thought she heard Matthew calling for her.

She climbed down from the roof, walked across the street and called out to him.

"I was doing like a half yell," Audrey told timesfreepress.com. "I didn't want to scare the deer away."

As he hunted in thick bushes looking for the deer, Matthew heard rustling and saw movement. He gripped his rifle, aimed and fired.

"And then I heard a gunshot," Audrey said. "And then I felt it. And then I hit the ground."

Audrey's family now laugh about the whole incident. Picture: Facebook Source: Supplied

She woke up in hospital days later with Matthew at her bedside. He was so nervous about talking to her that he read from a note he'd written earlier.

The bullet sliced through a vein that runs behind her right kneecap, damaging some nerves. She's currently on nine medications and the pain is often unbearable.

"It hurts on top of my knee," she said. "And behind my knee. And on my shin, my calf, my ankle, my hip. The whole thing hurts.

"If she contracts a serious infection, her leg may have to be amputated."

But Audrey's family aren't angry at Matthew. The shooting was an accident, and he's even moved in with Audrey's family to help care for her.

His actions haven't come without consequences, mind you. He was arrested for firing a gun within 150 feet of a road and police say he could be charged with misuse of a firearm, a hunting license violation and failing to wear orange.

Despite the pain, Audrey's family have found a way to laugh about the whole thing.

"Once we realised she was alive - and that she was going to be alive - we started to lighten up a little bit," said Audrey's sister, Rachel Mayo Greer.

There are few couples who could survive such a saga.

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Bieber 'calls girl fan beached whale'

Millions of hearts break worldwide as Justin Bieber passionately kisses Isabella on stage at his Adelaide concert. Caution: Girls Screaming Very Loudly.

POP brat Justin Bieber verbally abused a woman in Perth by calling her a "beached whale," according to a guest at the hotel where Bieber was staying.

Bieber and his entourage were on the pool deck at Perth's Hyatt Regency hotel on Sunday.

Hotel guest Helen Robinett claimed she heard Bieber yell out the abuse.

"There were four young girls in bikinis," Robinett said.

Justin Bieber performs at Perth Arena on Sunday as part of his international world tour.

"One girl who was gorgeous looking, with long dark hair and would have been about a size 14. Justin looked over at her and said 'What are you, Hawaiian or something?' She said `No, I'm not'. Then he said 'You look like a beached whale' ... The girl said 'Are you serious' and he said 'You should go on The Biggest Loser.' ... The whole pool deck heard him call this beautiful young girl a beached whale. Everyone heard. And there was silence. It was almost like his security were used to it."

Robinett, who works in Melbourne as an image consultant and was in Perth on business, said the girl looked "deflated" after the abuse.

Robinett's daughter, Gabrielle Blair, 21, said the girl was "almost in tears" after the exchange.

"The girl and her friends left the pool deck after that," Robinett said. "I looked at her and said "on't you take that on. That has nothing to do with you.' I made a complaint to the hotel, and they said the girl was OK and she was a Bieber fan. She may appear OK, but I work in styling and fashion, I know how women view their bodies, what body image issues women have.

"That kind of comment can have a serious impact and repercussion. That's why I'm so upset about it. I'm bloody angry. He's nothing without his fan base.

And he's abusing them. The girl next to me said 'I can't believe he just said that, he's my idol' and I said 'Well get yourself a new idol.'"

Justin Bieber and his entourage hanging by the pool at the Perth Hyatt Regency. Source: Supplied

Robinett said Bieber also jumped into the pool from an upper level.

"There were two little boys having a ball around the pool and Justin said 'Hey kids, don't do this' and then jumped into the pool," Robinett said. "He did it twice. These impressionable little boys who saw him jumping into the pool and behaving like that. There was a heavily pregnant woman at the pool who heard him call someone else a beached whale, how did she feel hearing him say that?"

Robinett said Bieber's security team insisted no one at the pool take photographs - although she managed to snap Bieber and his entourage.

The hotel had closed the pool and gym for Bieber's use on Saturday, but he mixed with the public on Sunday - hours before his final Australian concert.

"I understand he's 19, he's surrounded by meatheads who pander to his every need. He's immature, he needs leadership and guidance. He may come through, I hope he lives long enough to learn some lessons and do some good things," Robinett said.

"He needs some leadership. Someone should be guiding him to not speak to women like that."

A bodyguard for Justin Bieber has been filmed kicking and threatening to slash the tyres of a parazzo in Sydney. Courtesy Aussie/LiveLeak

Bieber flies out of Australia today; the Perth show was the last date of his world tour.

Hyatt Regency marketing communications manager Rachelle Taylor would not confirm the hotel had received a complaint.

"We are a hotel, we have hundreds of guests staying with us, we simply cannot speak on behalf of every single guest that comes in and interacts with another guest. But obviously we want all our guests to feel comfortable and not intimated by anyone. We have security, as do any VIP guests, they have their own security," she said.

Bieber's Australian tour promoter Frontier declined to comment.

cameron.adams@news.com.au

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Dwellingup bushfire now contained

A BUSHFIRE that was threatening homes in Dwellingup, south of Perth, has been contained.

The blaze, which is believed to have been started when a burn-off on private land went wrong, prompted a watch and act alert for people near Pinjarra Williams Road in the eastern part of Dwellingup.

But within an hour and a half, the Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW) had downgraded the alert to an advice, saying the fire had been contained but not controlled.

``There is no threat to lives or homes but there is a lot of smoke in the area,'' DPaW said.

Pinjarra Williams Road is closed from the Dwellingup townsite to the Bannister-Marradong Road, Boddington.

Motorists have been advised to avoid the area.

The bushfire, which was reported at 11:40am (WST), is moving slowly in a south-westerly direction and has burnt through 15 hectares.

DPaW said 30 firefighters were on the scene using a front-end loader, a bulldozer and water bombers.


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WA has worst childcare centres

Written By Unknown on Minggu, 08 Desember 2013 | 22.16

Six of the 13 centres given the lowest rating under strict new national standards can be found in WA. Picture: file image Source: News Limited

WA has almost half of the nation's worst childcare centres.

Six of the 13 centres given the lowest rating under strict new national standards can be found in this state. The rest are scattered across NSW, Victoria and Queensland.

The WA centres - in Butler, Medina, Leederville, Geraldton, Willetton, and Armadale - were given a Significant Improvement Required rating under the National Quality Standards because there was an "unacceptable risk'' to children.

They have been named and shamed online as part of an Australia-wide overhaul of the childcare system introduced last year which lets parents look up the quality ratings on a national online register.

As part of the register, new National Quality Framework for Early Childhood Education and Care standards were introduced.

Community Services Minister Tony Simpson said WA's childcare sector had already been meeting some of the standards, particularly with child-to-staff ratios.

"Assessments are identifying areas where all childcare services can improve, and that's good feedback for them,'' he said.

"In the WA assessments so far, concerns related mainly to matters that were not of immediate risk to children but could become risks in the future.

"For example, more awareness was needed about emergency evacuation procedures, and educators could improve their knowledge of child protection.''

Mr Simpson said each service got a report outlining how they could improve their rating.

"To meet the standard, services must show evidence of continuous improvement,'' he said.

"Those rated with 'significant improvement required' did not show such evidence.''

So far only 86 of the almost 1000 WA childcare services have been assessed. Figures to the end of September show more than half of them were "working towards'' the national standard, while only 18 had exceeded the requirements.

An Australian Children's Education and Care Quality Authority spokesperson said: "A Significant Improvement Required rating is issued when an unacceptable risk to children's health, safety or wellbeing has been identified during an assessment and rating visit.

"It can mean a potential risk has been identified and does not necessarily mean that health, safety or wellbeing has been compromised. "The regulatory authorities work closely with them to ensure issues are addressed and any risks are eliminated.''

The Sunday Times sought comments from all six WA centres requiring significant improvement. A director for Geraldton's Magic Cottage Child Care Centre said educators were dedicated to quality improvement at all times.

"The assessment process covers seven different quality areas, and within each there are many different sub-criteria, including 18 standards and 58 elements,'' the director said. "If just one area is assessed as needing improvement, the whole rating visit can be assessed as Significant Improvement Required.''

Loftus Recreation Centre centre manager Daniel Webb said their assessment had been based on the first audit to be undertaken after they applied for a licence for a holiday program. "We welcomed the provision of suggested improvements and since receiving this audit report, all matters have been addressed,'' he said

www.mychild.gov.au


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Qantas too important to fail - Bowen

Shadow Treasurer Chris Bowen says Qantas is too important to fail and the Opposition would support government intervention in the carrier. Source: News Limited

SHADOW Treasurer Chris Bowen says Qantas is "effectively" too important to fail, and Labor would be open to the idea of the federal government intervening to help the national carrier.

But the government remains unenthusiastic about stepping in, stressing that Qantas is a commercial operation that needs to get its finances in order.

Qantas will shed 1000 jobs over the next 12 months, impose pay freezes and make cuts across the board as it stares down the barrel of massive losses.

It's blamed the strong Australian dollar, high fuel costs and Virgin Australia "distorting" the market, and says "government action" will be key in enabling it to keep competing on a level playing field.

Mr Bowen says Qantas has an issue accessing capital and the government could play a role "assisting" with that.

Qantas announced last week it would axe 1,000 jobs after a shock profit downgrade, flagging a half-year loss of up to $300 million.

"Of course we would want to see that minimised," he told Sky News on Sunday.

"But if there's a role for government to constructively play, we would lend our support to the government of the day to do so."

Labor did not agree that relaxing foreign investment restrictions on the airline was the answer to fixing its woes, he added.

Asked if Qantas was too important to the Australian economy to collapse, Mr Bowen replied: "Effectively, yes".

Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister Josh Frydenberg echoed these sentiments, but disagreed about the need for government intervention.

"We do not want it to fail, but it's a commercial company and it needs to get its house in order and make the adjustments necessary so it can return to a profit," he told Sky News.

He noted Qantas was competing on an uneven playing field against Virgin, but added that the national carrier could be assisted to the tune of $100 million if the carbon tax was abolished.

Mr Frydenberg disagreed with Labor's "default position" that government should provide a bailout when companies ran into trouble.

"Our default position is to say leave it to business, leave it to the individual, leave it to free enterprise, and try to keep government's role to a minimum," he said.

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Perth hoarders putting public at risk

A cat seized by the RSPCA in November from a home in Perth's outer suburbs. The animal welfare group is prosecuting the owner for animal hoarding. Source: Supplied

AN increase in hoarding and cases of "severe domestic squalor" being uncovered in our suburbs is putting public health and safety at risk.

The number of West Australians living in filth has become so bad the Health Department has set up a working group to tackle the problem.

A recent survey of 41 councils by the Health Department's environmental directorate highlighted the need for a "consistent approach across local governments".

Do you know a hoarder? Send your pics to readerpics@perthnow.com.au

In particular, it said a policy that helped the offender seek help for mental health issues was necessary.

Some councils said they had at least 21 properties living in squalor.

The Health Department says hoarding poses a public health risk by attracting vermin and causing respiratory problems though odour or pathogens.

It also poses a fire risk.

"Severe domestic squalor is a term that refers to households that are extremely cluttered, in a filthy or disgusting condition, and where the accumulation of items such as personal possessions, rubbish, excrement and decomposing food creates an environment that jeopardises the health and well-being of the occupants," a department spokesman said.

"In addition, daily living activities such as cooking, bathing and sleeping are difficult or impossible.

"Extreme cases of severe domestic squalor can also impact on neighbours, such as the property being a fire hazard, emitting a foul odour or harbouring vermin."

The survey of councils found cases of hoarding and squalor were "extremely difficult" to handle and individuals "are often unaware of the negative impact their living conditions are having on themselves, neighbours and people or animals in their care."

The new working group is expected to include local governments, State Government departments like Housing and non-government agencies such as the RSPCA.

NSW, Victoria and South Australia all have policies in place to deal with the issue.

The RSCPA say the working group is overdue, with the charity struggling to look after the rising number of animals it is forced to rescue from hoarders.

"So often it's the RSPCA who can walk through the door because there's complaints of animal cruelty, but then we leave the person with no help," animal welfare policy manager Linda Soteriou said.

WA Local Government Association president Troy Pickard said the issue had become a significant burden for communities.

"It consumes considerable resources and often requires repeat visitation and compliance checks," he said.

"At the moment the legal framework around hoarding is very difficult to prove and it often takes years, if not decades, for local government to have any success."

The City of Cockburn changed its policy to deal with "uninhabitable premises" in 2011.

At the time of the policy change, the council was looking at spending up to $40,000 on cleaning four properties in a state of disrepair.

Cockburn Mayor Logan Howlett said the policy change included helping the offenders seek medical help.

"You can't always solve those problems immediately, but over time, they can be resolved by working with the people and getting them the help they need ... which is more proactive than going in and issuing infringement notices which are really a waste of time," he said.


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Surfers paddle out for shark victim

Coolum Board Riders Club paddle out in memory of WA shark attack victim Chris Boyd. PIC: Brad Cooper) Source: News Limited

The family of great white victim Chris Boyd arrive in WA, schoolies charged with drug offences, and golden honour for Damien Oliver.

QUEENSLAND's surfing community farewelled one of their "favourite sons" on Sunday after he was taken in a deadly shark attack in Western Australia last month.

More than 200 family and friends celebrated the life of father-of-two Chris Boyd by joining hands on their boards in a paddle out at Coolum on the Sunshine Coast.

Warning about the killers stalking our shallows

Chris's girlfriend Krystle Westwood, read out a heartfelt poem farewelling her partner and friend Daniel Maudlsey shared speeches in the park to remember their mate.

"Today was one of the most incredible moments I've seen, it was very touching," Mr Maudlsey said.

"It was an amazing way to say goodbye to an amazing man.

"It's our first loss for many of us so it has hit really hard, like when any group of friends goes through a tragedy it is still hard for some of our community to hope, but we are just joining together and doing what we can to be supportive."

Chris Boyd moved to WA from the Sunshine Coast more than a year ago.

The 35-year-old plumber was surfing at a popular surf break Umbies off Gracetown, in Western Australia's South West, when he was killed.

Police said the shark bounced off another surfer's board before attacking Mr Boyd.

Mr Boyd's death was WA's first fatal shark attack this year, but came just weeks after abalone diver Greg Pickering was bitten on the face and body by a five-metre great white while diving off the coast of Esperance.

Gracetown has endured three fatal attacks in the past 10 years.

Changes to toughen up the way the West Australian government deals with sharks in popular swimming and surfing areas are set to be unveiled next week.

But any suggestion of a cull has come under fire, with scientists saying it's over-emotional and pointless, and that a surge in shark bite incidents off WA's coast are linked to growing human population.

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Day of prayer for lost Mandela

South Africans have gathered in churches, mosques, temples and synagogues to remember Nelson Mandela.

SOUTH Africans flocked to houses of worship for a national day of prayer and reflection to honour former President Nelson Mandela, starting planned events that will culminate in what is expected to be one of the biggest funerals in modern times.

South African President Jacob Zuma, flanked by Mandela's ex-wife Winnie and his grandson Mandla, attended a church service at the Bryanston Methodist Church in Johnannesburg.

Mr Zuma said Mandela "stood for freedom and fought those who oppressed others".

Former Robben Island inmate Ahmed Kathrada mourns the passing of his close friend, Nelson Mandela. Deborah Lutterbeck reports.

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At the famous Regina Mundi Church that was near the epicentre of the Soweto 1976 against white rule, Father Sebastian Rossouw described Mandela as "moonlight,'' saying he offered a guiding light for South Africa. Hundreds of people attended mass in the small church that still bears the scars of the conflict.

"Madiba did not doubt the light,'' Rossouw said. "He paved the way for a better future, but he cannot do it alone.''

During the service, worshippers offered special prayers for the anti-apartheid leader and lit a candle in his honour in front of the altar.

A national memorial service will be held at Johannesburg 's 94,000-seat soccer stadium on Tuesday.

Scores of foreign leaders and other luminaries are expected to travel to South Africa to honour Mandela.

Among those who have already indicated that they will be coming to South Africa are US President Barack Obama and his two predecessors, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton.

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon will also travel to Johannesburg for the memorial service, the United Nations said late Saturday.

According to British media reports, the Queen will not attend the memorial after being advised to scale back on long-haul travel. Prince Charles will likely attend in her place.

The commemorations will culminate in Mandela's burial on December 15 in Qunu - the rural village where he spent his early childhood.

Mr Zuma has stressed that Sunday's services should move beyond grief and openly celebrate the legacy of Mandela who died Thursday after a long illness, aged 95.

"We should, while mourning, also sing at the top of our voices, dance and do whatever we want to do, to celebrate the life of this outstanding revolutionary,'' Zuma said.

A young woman signs a memorial book at Mandela Square in Sandton City shopping centre. Source: Getty Images

The president was to attend prayers at a Methodist Church in a predominantly white Johannesburg neighbourhood, while former president Thabo Mbeki was to join prayers at a synagogue in the city.

A large congregation was also expected at the country's largest Catholic Church in the once blacks-only township of Soweto.

The prayers were to be echoed a continent away in London, where Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby, spiritual leader of the world's 80 million Anglicans, will lead a remembrance service.

Mandela's health had been in serious decline for some time, but his death still came as a deep shock to South Africans whose attachment to their first black leader was profound and deeply personal.

A young boy and his sister lay flowers outside the home of South Africa's former president Nelson Mandela in Johannesburg, South Africa. Source: AP

Since the news of his death broke, his Johannesburg residence has become something of a pilgrimage site, with thousands coming to pay private tribute.

The mood has been by turns sombre and celebratory, with some leaving floral tributes and lit candles, while others danced and sang in honour of the man they affectionately knew as Madiba.

"To me it's not a sad day. It's a day of hope, for us to be able to determine the future,'' said salesman Khabile Mgangame.

Flowers, candles and condolence messages are seen in Nelson Mandela Square in Sandton, Johannesburg. Source: AP

Mandela's family compared the loss of their adored patriarch to the trauma of separation during his long incarceration in Robben Island.

"The pillar of the family is gone, just as he was away during that 27 painful years of imprisonment,'' family spokesman Temba Matanzima told journalists in Johannesburg on Saturday.

"His presence was like a baobab tree that provided a comforting shade that served as protection and security for us,'' he said - referring to the massive tree with its famously thick trunk.

On Tuesday around 80,000 people are expected to attend, with Obama, the official memorial service in the Soweto sports stadium that hosted the final of the 2010 World Cup.

Mandela's body will then lie in state for three days from Wednesday, with his coffin taken in a cortege through the streets of Pretoria each morning to allow as many people as possible to say farewell.

Crowds of people come to pay tribute to Nelson Mandela outside his Johannesburg home. Source: Getty Images

France's Francois Hollande will be among the other world leaders flying in over the next few days to pay their respects.

The organisational and security logistics are daunting, and the military has cancelled leave for troops and reservists to help with crowd control.

One of the towering figures of the 20th century, Mandela's reputation was truly global, and his obsequies look set to attract a unique gathering of the world's political and cultural elite.

Tributes have poured in from every conceivable quarter, from the worlds of sports and entertainment, and from North America and Israel to North Korea and the Palestinian Territories.

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